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Raman Spectra of Quaternary CdS1？x？ySexTey Nanocrystals Embedded in Borosilicate Glass
Yuriy M. Azhniuk,Yuriy I. Hutych,Vasyl V. Lopushansky,Mykola V. Prymak,Alexander V. Gomonnai,Dietrich R. T. Zahn
International Journal of Spectroscopy , 2012, DOI: 10.1155/2012/495896
Abstract: A series of samples with quaternary CdS1？？SeTe nanocrystals with cations of three types distributed over nanocrystal lattice sites were grown in a borosilicate glass matrix by the diffusion-limited growth technique. Their Raman spectra confirm the three-mode compositional behaviour of CdS1？？SeTe phonon spectra. The compositional dependence of the LO phonon frequencies is analysed experimentally for a series of samples containing nanocrystals with ≈.
Size effects in Raman spectra of Sn2P2S6 ferroelectrics
Azhniuk Yu.M.,Gomonnai A.V.,Vysochanskii Yu.M.,Prits I.P.
Ukrainian Journal of Physical Optics , 2001,
Abstract: Room-temperature Raman measurements of the Sn2P2S6 microcrystals are reported. The red shift, and broadening of the intense high-frequency first-order bands around 380 cm–1 and in the range 550–600 cm–1 with the microcrystal size decrease are observed. The possible mechanisms (phonon confinement, surface phonon scattering), responsible for these effects, are discussed.
Confined Acoustic Phonon in CdS1-xSex Nanoparticles in Borosilicate Glass
Sanjeev K. Gupta,Prafulla K. Jha,Satyaprakash Sahoo,A. K. Arora,Y. M. Azhniuk
Physics , 2009, DOI: 10.1166/jnn.2009.1168
Abstract: We calculate low-frequency Raman scattering from the confined acoustic phonon modes of CdS1-xSex nanoparticles embedded in borosilicate glass. The calculation of the Raman scattering by acoustic phonons in nanoparticles has been performed by using third-order perturbation theory. The deformation potential approximation is used to describe the electronphonon interaction. The Raman-Brillouin electronic density and the electron-phonon interaction are found to increases with decreasing size of nanoparticle. A good agreement between the calculated and reported low-frequency Raman spectra is found.
Low Frequency Raman Scattering from Acoustic Phonon Confined in $CdS_{1-x}Se_x$ Nanoparticles in Borosilicate Glass
Sanjeev K. Gupta,Satyaprakash Sahoo,Prafulla K. Jha,A. K. Arora,Y. M. Azhniuk
Physics , 2008,
Abstract: Phonon modes found in low frequency Raman scattering from $CdS_{1-x}Se_x$ nanocrystals embedded in borosilicate glass arising from confined acoustic phonons are investigated. In addition to the breathing modes and quadrupolar modes, two additional modes are found in the spectra. In order to assign the new modes, confined acoustic phonon frequencies are calculated using CFM, CSM and the Lamb model. Based on the ratio of the frequencies of the new modes to those of the quadrupolar mode, the new modes are assigned to first overtone of the quadrupolar mode (l=2, n=1) and l=1, n=0 torsional mode. The appearance of the forbidden torsional mode is attributed to nonspherical appearance shape of the nanoparticle found from high-resolution TEM.
City Communal Aspiration System—City without Chimneys  [PDF]
Yuriy Kozin
Open Journal of Ecology (OJE) , 2021, DOI: 10.4236/oje.2021.1112050
Abstract: Gas emissions are produced by each economic entity individually—whether they are a large industrial enterprise, a boiler-house or a household (dwelling house). At that, in addition to visible chimneys, there are a lot of hidden (unrecorded) sources of emissions in form of ventilation branch pipes. Communal systems for removal and reprocessing of wastes of two types: liquid (municipal sewage lines) and solid (collection and removal of wastes) are operated in populated localities. For the third type of waste—gaseous—a similarly municipal structure does not exist. For the time being there is no possibility for full system control and neutralization of dust and gas wastes because there is no system in the physical form which would enable comprehensive receipt of exit gases from all the city sources for further processing thereof. It is for the first time when a principally new holistic approach to cleaning/treatment of all city dust and gas emissions (wastes) is proposed which consists in creation of a City Communal Aspiration System (Municipal Aspiration System) containing a city communal aspiration network (gas outlets) for receipt/transportation of exhaust (flue) gases and a plant for utilization of such wastes connected to such network. In other words, it is proposed to organize a “City without Chimneys”. The proposed solution permits to remove mass unsystematic and uncontrolled emissions of environmentally harmful gas wastes in cities, reduce climate risks and make the transition to a new level of organization of environmental planning and management and, therefore, eliminates or principally simplifies many ecological difficulties and restrictions in urban planning (inseparably related to ecology) in sanitary rules and standards.
Short-term antioxidant diet prevents hyperfiltration in young male rat kidney subjected to ischemia/reperfusion injury  [PDF]
Yuriy Slyvka, Felicia V. Nowak, Tracey M. Hayes, Sharon R. Inman
Open Journal of Molecular and Integrative Physiology (OJMIP) , 2013, DOI: 10.4236/ojmip.2013.31006
Abstract:

Objectives: The process of transplantation is associated with exposure to both long and short cold and warm ischemic times that result in ischemia/reperfusion injury. Oxidative stress contributes to tissue fibrosis, renal dysfunction, and/or rejection. Treatments that scavenge oxygen free radicals and have antioxidant properties can ameliorate the damaging results in renal grafts following ischemia/reperfusion injury. The present study tests the hypothesis that an antioxidant-fortified diet given to rats before and after renal ischemia/reperfusion injury will reduce the kidney damage that results and improve renal function. Endothelial and inducible nitric oxide synthases may change with tissue injury, including ischemia/ reperfusion. Materials and Methods: Male Wistar rats were subjected to ischemia/reperfusion injury at 7 or 19 weeks of age with or without dietary antioxidant supplementation. One week later, glomerular filtration rate, mean arterial pressure and urinary nitric oxide were measured, and renal endothelial and inducible nitric oxide synthases examined. Results: The glomerular filtration rate was elevated more than two-fold above the normal range  at 8 weeks in animals on the regular diet exposed to ischemia/reperfu- sion, while in the 8 week antioxidant-fortified diet group the glomerular filtration rate was normal. Also, in 8 week rats, levels of endothelial nitric oxide synthase protein in cortex were higher on the regular than on the antioxidant-fortified diet. Conclusion: Early after ischemia/reperfusion injury renal endothelial nitric oxide synthase levels rise, possibly contributing to vascular dilation and hyperperfusion, and an antioxidant-fortified diet can ameliorate these changes in the younger age group.

Assessment of influence of taxation conditions on financial state of industrial companies with the use of fuzzy-multiple analysis of indicators Оценка влияния условий налогообложения на финансовое состояние промышленных предприятий с использованием нечетко-множественного анализа показателей
Ivanov Yuriy B.,Malyshko Yuliya M.
Business Inform , 2013,
Abstract: The article is devoted to justification and development of theoretical and methodical provisions with respect to determination of efficiency of reformation of the tax legislation of Ukraine. It considers methodical foundations of assessment of influence of macroeconomic factors on company activity. It improves methods of assessment of influence of changes of taxation conditions on the financial state of industrial companies of Ukraine, which is conducted on the basis of a multi-criteria analysis with the use of fuzzy sets. It justifies a necessity of further introduction of changes into the norms of the Tax Code of Ukraine in the direction of resistance to washing-out of circulating funds of the Ukrainian industry. The improved methods allow determination of the character of influence of introduced changes in regulatory and legislative acts in the field of taxation on the production system. Статья посвящена обоснованию и разработке теоретико-методических положений относительно определения эффективности реформирования налогового законодательства Украины. Рассмотрены методические основы оценки влияния макроэкономических факторов на деятельность предприятий. Усовершенствована методика оценки влияния изменения условий налогообложения на финансовое состояние промышленных предприятий Украины, которая проводится на основе многокритериального анализа с использованием нечетких множеств. Обоснована необходимость дальнейшего внесения изменений в нормы Налогового кодекса Украины в направлении противодействия вымыванию оборотных средств промышленности Украины. Усовершенствованная методика позволяет определить характер влияния внесенных изменений в нормативно-правовых актах в области налогообложения на производственную систему.
Relaxation of Josephson qubits due to strong coupling to two-level systems
Clemens Müller,Alexander Shnirman,Yuriy Makhlin
Physics , 2009, DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevB.80.134517
Abstract: We investigate the energy relaxation (T1) process of a qubit coupled to a bath of dissipative two-level fluctuators (TLF). We consider the fluctuators strongly coupled to the qubit both in the limit of spectrally separated single TLF's as well as in the limit of spectrally dense TLF's. We conclude that the avoided level crossings, usually attributed to very strongly coupled single TLF's, could also be caused by many weakly coupled spectrally dense fluctuators.
On equilibrium charge distribution above dielectric surface
Dmytro M. Lytvynenko,Yuriy V. Slyusarenko
Physics , 2009,
Abstract: The problem of the equilibrium state of the charged many-particle system above dielectric surface is formulated.We consider the case of the presence of the external attractive pressing field and the case of its absence. The equilibrium distributions of charges and the electric field, which is generated by these charges in the system in the case of ideally plane dielectric surface, are obtained. The solution of electrostatic equations of the system under consideration in case of small spatial heterogeneities caused by the dielectric surface, is also obtained. These spatial inhomogeneities can be caused both by the inhomogeneities of the surface and by the inhomogeneous charge distribution upon it. In particular, the case of the .wavy. spatially periodic surface is considered taking into account the possible presence of the surface charges.
Electrical conductivity in graphene with point defects
Yuriy V. Skrypnyk,Vadim M. Loktev
Physics , 2010, DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevB.82.085436
Abstract: The electrical conductivity of graphene containing point defects is studied within the binary alloy model in its dependence on the Fermi level position at the zero temperature. It is found that the minimal conductivity value does not have a universal character and corresponds to the impurity resonance energy rather than to the Dirac point position in the spectrum. The substantial asymmetry of the resulting dependence of the conductivity on the gate voltage magnitude is attributed as well to this same shift of the conductivity minimum to the resonance state energy.
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